diff --git a/source/blender/editors/sculpt_paint/brush_asset_ops.cc b/source/blender/editors/sculpt_paint/brush_asset_ops.cc
index dced0ffc825..1b7509060e1 100644
--- a/source/blender/editors/sculpt_paint/brush_asset_ops.cc
+++ b/source/blender/editors/sculpt_paint/brush_asset_ops.cc
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "BKE_brush.hh"
 #include "BKE_context.hh"
 #include "BKE_global.hh"
+#include "BKE_lib_id.hh"
 #include "BKE_paint.hh"
 #include "BKE_preferences.h"
 #include "BKE_preview_image.hh"
@@ -142,11 +143,6 @@ static bool brush_asset_save_as_poll(bContext *C)
     return false;
   }
 
-  if (BLI_listbase_is_empty(&U.asset_libraries)) {
-    CTX_wm_operator_poll_msg_set(C, "No asset library available to save to");
-    return false;
-  }
-
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -166,18 +162,30 @@ static wmOperatorStatus brush_asset_save_as_exec(bContext *C, wmOperator *op)
     STRNCPY(name, brush->id.name + 2);
   }
 
-  const bUserAssetLibrary *user_library = asset::get_asset_library_from_opptr(*op->ptr);
-  if (!user_library) {
-    return OPERATOR_CANCELLED;
-  }
+  const eAssetLibraryType enum_value = (eAssetLibraryType)RNA_enum_get(op->ptr,
+                                                                       "asset_library_reference");
+  const bool is_local_library = enum_value == ASSET_LIBRARY_LOCAL;
 
-  asset_system::AssetLibrary *library = AS_asset_library_load(
-      bmain, asset::user_library_to_library_ref(*user_library));
+  AssetLibraryReference library_reference;
+  const bUserAssetLibrary *user_library = nullptr;
+  if (is_local_library) {
+    library_reference = asset_system::current_file_library_reference();
+  }
+  else {
+    user_library = asset::get_asset_library_from_opptr(*op->ptr);
+    if (!user_library) {
+      return OPERATOR_CANCELLED;
+    }
+    library_reference = asset::user_library_to_library_ref(*user_library);
+  }
+  asset_system::AssetLibrary *library = AS_asset_library_load(bmain, library_reference);
   if (!library) {
     BKE_report(op->reports, RPT_ERROR, "Failed to load asset library");
     return OPERATOR_CANCELLED;
   }
 
+  BLI_assert(is_local_library || user_library);
+
   /* Turn brush into asset if it isn't yet. */
   if (!ID_IS_ASSET(&brush->id)) {
     asset::mark_id(&brush->id);
@@ -185,7 +193,23 @@ static wmOperatorStatus brush_asset_save_as_exec(bContext *C, wmOperator *op)
   }
   BLI_assert(ID_IS_ASSET(&brush->id));
 
+  if (is_local_library) {
+    const Brush *original_brush = brush;
+    brush = BKE_brush_duplicate(
+        bmain, brush, USER_DUP_OBDATA | USER_DUP_LINKED_ID, LIB_ID_DUPLICATE_IS_ROOT_ID);
+
+    BKE_libblock_rename(*bmain, brush->id, name);
+    asset::mark_id(&brush->id);
+    BLI_assert(brush->id.us == 1);
+
+    BKE_asset_metadata_free(&brush->id.asset_data);
+    brush->id.asset_data = BKE_asset_metadata_copy(original_brush->id.asset_data);
+    BLI_assert(brush->id.asset_data != nullptr);
+  }
+
   /* Add asset to catalog. */
+  /* Note: This needs to happen after the local asset is created but BEFORE a non-local library
+   * is saved */
   char catalog_path_c[MAX_NAME];
   RNA_string_get(op->ptr, "catalog_path", catalog_path_c);
 
@@ -197,28 +221,36 @@ static wmOperatorStatus brush_asset_save_as_exec(bContext *C, wmOperator *op)
     BKE_asset_metadata_catalog_id_set(&meta_data, catalog.catalog_id, catalog.simple_name.c_str());
   }
 
-  AssetWeakReference brush_asset_reference;
-  const std::optional<std::string> final_full_asset_filepath = bke::asset_edit_id_save_as(
-      *bmain, brush->id, name, *user_library, brush_asset_reference, *op->reports);
-  if (!final_full_asset_filepath) {
-    return OPERATOR_CANCELLED;
+  if (!is_local_library) {
+    AssetWeakReference brush_asset_reference;
+    const std::optional<std::string> final_full_asset_filepath = bke::asset_edit_id_save_as(
+        *bmain, brush->id, name, *user_library, brush_asset_reference, *op->reports);
+    if (!final_full_asset_filepath) {
+      return OPERATOR_CANCELLED;
+    }
+    library->catalog_service().write_to_disk(*final_full_asset_filepath);
+
+    brush = reinterpret_cast<Brush *>(
+        bke::asset_edit_id_from_weak_reference(*bmain, ID_BR, brush_asset_reference));
+    brush->has_unsaved_changes = false;
   }
 
-  library->catalog_service().write_to_disk(*final_full_asset_filepath);
   asset::shelf::show_catalog_in_visible_shelves(*C, catalog_path_c);
 
-  brush = reinterpret_cast<Brush *>(
-      bke::asset_edit_id_from_weak_reference(*bmain, ID_BR, brush_asset_reference));
-  brush->has_unsaved_changes = false;
-
   if (!WM_toolsystem_activate_brush_and_tool(C, paint, brush)) {
     /* Note brush asset was still saved in editable asset library, so was not a no-op. */
     BKE_report(op->reports, RPT_WARNING, "Unable to activate just-saved brush asset");
   }
 
-  asset::refresh_asset_library(C, *user_library);
+  asset::refresh_asset_library(C, library_reference);
   WM_main_add_notifier(NC_ASSET | ND_ASSET_LIST | NA_ADDED, nullptr);
-  WM_main_add_notifier(NC_BRUSH | NA_EDITED, brush);
+  if (is_local_library) {
+    WM_main_add_notifier(NC_BRUSH | NA_ADDED, brush);
+    WM_file_tag_modified();
+  }
+  else {
+    WM_main_add_notifier(NC_BRUSH | NA_EDITED, brush);
+  }
 
   return OPERATOR_FINISHED;
 }
@@ -287,8 +319,7 @@ static const EnumPropertyItem *rna_asset_library_reference_itemf(bContext * /*C*
   const EnumPropertyItem *items = asset::library_reference_to_rna_enum_itemf(
       /* Only get writable libraries. */
       /*include_readonly=*/false,
-      /* Saving brushes to the current file isn't working correctly yet. */
-      /*include_current_file=*/false);
+      /*include_current_file=*/true);
   if (!items) {
     *r_free = false;
     return nullptr;
diff --git a/tests/python/bl_brush_test.py b/tests/python/bl_brush_test.py
index bc30aa1d24b..75f53cfb91c 100644
--- a/tests/python/bl_brush_test.py
+++ b/tests/python/bl_brush_test.py
@@ -44,6 +44,26 @@ class AssetActivateTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(bpy.context.tool_settings.sculpt.brush.name, 'Draw')
 
 
+class AssetSaveAsTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        # Test case isn't specific to Sculpt Mode, but we need a paint mode in general.
+        bpy.ops.object.mode_set(mode='SCULPT')
+
+        bpy.ops.brush.asset_activate(
+            asset_library_type='ESSENTIALS',
+            relative_asset_identifier='brushes/essentials_brushes-mesh_sculpt.blend/Brush/Smooth')
+
+    def test_saves_asset_locally(self):
+        """Test that saving an asset to the local creates a copy correctly"""
+        result = bpy.ops.brush.asset_save_as(name="Local Copy", asset_library_reference="LOCAL", catalog_path="")
+        self.assertEqual({'FINISHED'}, result)
+
+        self.assertTrue("Local Copy" in bpy.data.brushes)
+        local_brush = bpy.data.brushes["Local Copy"]
+        self.assertEqual(local_brush.sculpt_tool, 'SMOOTH')
+        self.assertGreaterEqual(local_brush.users, 1)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     # Drop all arguments before "--", or everything if the delimiter is absent. Keep the executable path.
     unittest.main(argv=sys.argv[:1] + (sys.argv[sys.argv.index("--") + 1:] if "--" in sys.argv else []))